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Known as a neep or tumshie in Scotland, the type of turnip used for carving at Samhainn is the swede, yellow turnip, or rutabaga as it's commonly known elsewhere. They are skull-like in shape and the two-tone purple and off-white skin helps to accentuate the similarities with a skull once it's been carved and lit. The flesh is quite tough to cut through, but scooping out the insides isn't quite as hard as you might think - white turnips are a lot softer and easier to scoop out, but being smaller, you're not likely to be able to put a lid on without the candle going out.
The tumshie heads would have been hung from a pole and carried around on Hallowe'en night by guisers, but more usually these days they're simply put in the window or on the doorstep of the house. Either way, the purpose of them is to ward off spirits that are supposed to be about on the night, so the aim of them is to look as sinister and threatening as possible.
From a young age, my mum would carve me and my brother turnip lanterns, usually a basic scary face and spray them black, looping a wire through them so they would become transportable lanterns. As a kid I had [still do] have a bit of a veneration for All Hallows Eve. Growing up in the small village on the North East coast, it wasn't hard to imagine that mischief was afoot on a cold windy night.
Having a lantern was comforting visiting the remote edges of the village and when you ventured close to the graveyard by the old church. I think the respect for Halloween has been lost - I am guilty of this myself. I look to party and have fun the older I have become but I do long for the traditions I enjoyed as a kid. I miss having to tell a joke [halloween appropriate] to earn my treat from whichever house I visited. Kids don't do that here. It's sad.